The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) in London was launched in November 1958 by a coalition of British academics, politicians, religious and journalists. Initially known as the Brighton Society, it was officially renamed the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London in 1971. The Institute is a leading think tank in the United Kingdom, specializing in the study of defense security and defense policy in the nuclear age, and has three main functions: research institute function, intelligence center function and forum function. Its funding comes from membership fees, income from publications and donations from national foundations (such as the Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Federal German Krupp Foundation, etc.), corporations, and organizations, of which the main publications are "Military Power Comparison", "Strategic Studies", "Annual Report", etc.