Russian Chamber of Books (Russian name Российская Книжная Палата, abbreviated as РКП) is a Russian state edition library, the organization was founded in 1917, its functions are equivalent to the Chinese edition library and the barcode center of the General Press and Publication Department. It is a statutory publication edition collection in Russia, responsible for the issuance of book numbers, cataloging of books, collection and storage of various publications, as well as the classification and statistical work of all types of books published and issued in the Russian Federation.

All major libraries in Russia use the library's The book classification method and data. At present, authoritative statistics on book publishing in Russia also mainly from the Russian Book Depository. The organization is the central institution of the International ISBN Russia, which is part of the Russian Federation state budget unit.

Russian Book Depository is a permanent depository collection of all kinds of books, pamphlets, periodicals, newspapers, propaganda, posters, postcards and other publications published in Russia, and by 2007, the number of collections exceeded 82 million volumes (copies), and 100,000 volumes (copies) of publications processed by computer each year. All this information is provided to all types and levels of libraries, scientific institutions, archives, book and periodical editorial offices, publishing houses, etc. throughout Russia through book classification indexes, electronic automatic databases, etc. In November 1994, the State Duma of Russia passed the Law of the Russian Federation on the obligatory submission of samples of literature. In January 2002, the State Duma of Russia amended and supplemented the Law of the Russian Federation on Compulsory Submission of Documentary Samples to further improve the system of compulsory submission of documentary samples. In January 2002, the State Duma amended and supplemented the Law of the Russian Federation on the obligatory submission of documentary samples, which further improved the system of documentary submission.