The National Library of Brazil is part of the National Education The National Library of Brazil is part of the Ministry of Education and Culture, and its main purpose is to preserve and collect Brazilian library literature. Since the National Library's collection began with the Portuguese royal collection, there is no shortage of good books. For example, the first editions of Luis de Camões' Song of the Luzitanians and Cervantes' Don Quixote, the Bible over 500 years old and the original manuscripts of Mozart's scores.

National Library of Brazil (Fundacao Biblioteca Nacional = Brazilian National Library), formerly known as the Royal Library, was founded on October 29, 1810. At the same time, a decree was issued declaring the Royal Library as a royal property for the use of the court and ministers. In order to consult with scholars, it was gradually opened to them. The first collection includes books, manuscripts, prints, maps, coins and medals totaling 60,000 pieces originated from the Portuguese court and were brought by the Portuguese royal family when they fled to Brazil in 1808-1809.

In November 1807, King Don Joao VI and Queen D. Maria of Portugal decided to move the royal family and the Portuguese court to Brazil in order to escape the invasion of the French Emperor Napoleon, and settled in Rio de Janeiro in 1808, where they established the Royal Library to collect the precious books and manuscripts they brought with them. In 1808, he settled in Rio de Janeiro, where he established the Royal Library to collect the precious books and manuscripts he brought with him, and built many educational and cultural facilities. After the defeat of Napoleon, Don Joao VI moved back to Portugal, but left his prince Don Pedro as Regent of Brazil, so the Royal Library and other cultural and educational facilities were not moved with him. In 1822, the Regent Don Pedro declared the independence of Brazil from Portugal, and according to the "Additional Clause of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship", the imperial government declared the independence of Brazil from the Kingdom of Portugal. In 1822, the Imperial Government bought the National Library from the Kingdom of Portugal, making it the property of the Brazilian government, and renamed it the Imperial Public Library in 1825 and the National Library of Rio de Janeiro in 1987. After the declaration of the Brazilian Republic, Don Pedro II, the last emperor of Portuguese nationality, donated 50,000 volumes from his private collection to the library.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the books were stored in the hospital of the Order, and the collection continued to grow with the construction of the building in 1859. In August 1905, the construction of a new library was started and completed in 1910. The National Library of Brazil owes its growth to the Brazilian submission system implemented in 1847, with purchases, gifts, and exchanges also being important tools, and when the National Library was formally established in 1990, the former National Book Institute merged with it to become its fourth department, which completed the role of the National Library. Since the 1850s, the National Library has been responsible for editing and publishing Brazilian bibliographic products, including all publications in the country, and the National Bibliography is published twice a year. In recent years, in cooperation with the Advisory Center of the Ministry of Education and Culture, it has been producing the current national bibliography by computer.

The National Library is also a center for interlibrary loan and international exchange in Brazil and the manager of the Brazilian International Book Number. The interlibrary exchange of libraries and documentation centers with domestic and foreign institutions with documentary publications is an important means of increasing and renewing the collections and improving services, for which the National Library has a special section. The exchange of publications began in 1694 at the National Library of Paris, which used this means to exchange large quantities of books and magazines from England and Germany, and in 1851 the Smithsonian Institution set up a formal exchange center for international exchange. On March 15, 1886, at the Brussels Congress in Brussels, formal rules were established for the international exchange of not only official but also scientific and literary publications The Convention was signed by Spain, the United States, and the United States. Article 20.549 of the Brazilian Decree of October 16, 1931, obliges the National Bibliographic Information Service of the National Library of Brazil to exchange Brazilian official publications with the national libraries of the countries that are signatories to the Brussels Convention and members of the Pan American Organization of Nations.

In addition to the publications of official institutions and existing copies, the National Library of Brazil uses its own publications as the basis for exchange. The library has 1025 domestic exchange units and 500 foreign exchange units. The National Library receives books and magazines in exchange from all over the world, mainly from the Library of Congress in the United States, the National Library of France, the Carlos Gulbenkian Foundation in Portugal, and the National Library of Spain.

In this way, the National Library in Rio de Janeiro has increased its collection with minimal cost. For the copies received, the National Library distributes them by category to libraries of educational and scientific institutions and to public libraries, so that any public library can register at the National Library for the gift of the National Library. The Unit also welcomes donations of books, periodicals, old newspapers, and sheet music. Such donations are long-term and substantial, and for the benefit of the National Library and the work of the National Archives, the National Archives requests that donors provide it with a catalog prior to making a donation.

International Standard Book Number is a set of numbers that identify the title, author, country, editor and even edition of a book. Through the software identification bar code, to overcome the language barrier is conducive to the circulation and commercialization. 1967 British editors invented the number, soon adopted by the book industry and libraries, and in 1972 was approved by the International Organization for Standardization. The system is managed by the International Standard Book Numbering Organization, and directs and coordinates the operation of designated authorities in each country. Since 1978, the National Library of Brazil has been responsible for managing the assignment of numbers to all books published in the country. The ISBN number is printed on the 4th cover and on the copyright page, in any case in a prominent place in the publication. In order to make the barcode valid, in front of the book number with 978 three digits to represent the ISBN, the last digit of the book number is the check digit.

retrieval of ISBN number is very important to editors, booksellers and readers, they can get from the book number about the country, publisher, subject, author, title and other aspects of information; while excluding commercial barriers, direct, dynamic, practical selection of books. Publishers who want to apply for a book number, you need to contact the Brazilian National Library directly.

The National Library of Brazil is the largest of the Latin American national libraries, with a collection of 8,000,000 volumes/pieces covering history, law, and archival studies in 1990, including many 14th and 15th century rare books, and a large collection of microfilm. The museum also has a conservation and restoration laboratory. The collection consists of 1,450,000 volumes; 40,000 periodicals; 20,730 current issues; 800,000 manuscripts; 60,000 rare books, including 216 cradles; 60,000 degrees; 150,000 musical scores; 200,000 images and pictures, The collection consists of 200,000 pieces of images and pictures, including 26,000 maps; 9,439 microfilms; 26,000 rolls of 16/35 film; and 29,000 sound recordings.